
Direct your gaze to fiscal austerity-era Greece. Survey the near-apocalyptic landscape of riots, tear gas, heavy weaponry, streets littered with debris, and tell me if it does not resemble the world of “The Walking Dead”? Extending that line of thought, let’s suppose that “The Walking Dead”—adapted from Robert Kirkman’s cultish comic—isn’t so much a graphic study in post-apocalyptica, but a keen satire of post-2007 global economics. Albeit unintentionally.
One of the great pleasures of journalism and, indeed, of writing in general, is to draw connections. To read a creative work as a doppelganger of social, political, religious or economic reality.
Frank Darabont, the writer and director of “The Shawshank Redemption” and “The Mist”, amongst others, originally brought “The Walking Dead” to television with the help of AMC. Anyone who has seen The Mist will grant that Darabont, who seemed to have been inspired by “The Twilight Zone” episode “The Monsters Are Due on Maple Street,” homed in on American religious fanaticism and terrorism. He also examined the way fear transposes itself into hysteria. It was a study in human baseness disguised as a Lovecraftian supernatural horror film.
That Darabont saw “The Walking Dead” as not only an opportunity to entertain but to satirize American and, indeed, global civilization seems certain. At least from my perspective. This is nothing new for the zombie genre, but that’s beside the point.
From a certain perspective it seems that Darabont and “The Walking Dead” writing staff sought to create a visual metaphor for humanity’s almost delusional efforts at control. In the series, that which is being controlled pre-apocalypse is irrelevant, really—it could be anything. Terror, disease, the planet’s ecosystem—make whatever readings of the show you like. The critique of control spills over into every episode of this post-apocalyptic world. Humans, so accustomed to an almost casual, non-Darwinian life, are thrust back into a Hobbesian state of nature.
But who knew Darabont’s ugly departure at the start of Season 2 (axed by AMC executives) would signal the emergence of yet another reality in these modern times: fiscal austerity.
Darabont’s complaint? Budget.
Season 1, a mere six episodes in length, was essentially one very long film. The first episode is one of the most riveting pieces of television I’ve ever seen. The interplay between Rick and Morgan—one a neophyte survivor, the other acclimated to post-apocalyptic life with son Duane —is excellent filmmaking. It was our point of entry into a disintegrated world. It is only in Episode 6, however, that the melancholy of “The Walking Dead’s” world comes into full bloom. Darabont accomplished this with a $3.4 million budget per episode over six episodes. The second season budget? $2.7 million per episode over 13 episodes.

There was an expansive scope to Season 1 despite its geographic limitations (a zombie apocalypse must necessarily make travel rather difficult). Early on it was life on the road for the survivors. We the viewers saw the silent, barren landscape through the characters’ eyes. Conveniently, Season 2 was one of settling down into sedentary life on Hershel’s farm, with occasional ventures outward to keep audiences interested. Narratively it was necessary for Rick and his compatriots to come upon Hershel’s land and attempt to re-establish civilization. At first. A safe haven needed to be found, even if fatigue was the primary motivation. But as the season wore on, and the search for Sophia became interminable, the series underwent narrative atrophy. This was, in my opinion, not born of any plot necessity but the direct result of AMC’s budgeting. Their fiscal austerity, if you will.
I cannot think of one reason why Sophia’s turn into a “walker” and climactic zombie assault on Hershel’s farm couldn’t have come mid-way through Season 2. The desire to have 50% indoors locations, as reported by ScreenRant, is visible throughout the season’s arc, with the rare exception (Shane’s medical supply run and Rick and Glenn’s rescue of Hershel). Many of the exteriors were likewise just outside the house. What the audience gets is not so much the best possible narrative, but one tailored to fit the cheapest budget.
This sort of cinematic fiscal austerity hardly made a dent in “The Walking Dead” fandom. The fans who complained over the tedium at the Hershel homestead were unknowingly bitching about AMC’s austerity cuts. As the world goes, so does to television industry, you might suggest? Hardly. Even in the worst of economic times, entertainment is the one area in which Americans will spend money. And as one of television’s highest rated shows, advertising slots should have been at a premium.
So where does this leave us as “The Walking Dead” Season 3 comes to a close?
It’s beyond argument, as far as I’m concerned, that the purgatorial stasis at the prison compound and Woodbury is further evidence of AMC’s fiscal ways. A belief perhaps that people can be expected to derive more from less; that if only more money can be pocketed, AMC will be the better for it. But this shouldn’t be interpreted as a broad criticism of AMC as a television studio (although that certainly is worth examining). In addition to “The Walking Dead,” AMC has given audiences “Mad Men” and “Breaking Bad”, collectively three of the best shows on television, with some of the most committed fan-bases on the planet. They are the envy of almost every TV channel/production company. But the actual creative forces behind these shows aren’t always treated as such.

Don’t take my word for it. Read Sons of Anarchy writer/executive producer Kurt Sutter’s critique of AMC, a response to the announcement that “The Walking Dead” showrunner Glen Mazarra would be leaving:
AMC is run by small-minded, bottom-line thinkers who have no appreciation or gratitude for the effort of it’s creative personnel. Time and time again we see events like what happened today with Glen Mazzara. They continue to disrespect writers, shit on their audience and bury their network. Mazzara took the work-in-progress that was “Walking Dead” and turned it into a viable TV show with a future. Without him, that future is dim. Showrunners are not development executives, we’re not cookiecutter douchebags that you plug into a preexisting model. TWD will suffer. Even Zombies need consistency. “Mad Men” and “Breaking Bad” will be gone soon. So will AMC. I hope their fucking stock takes a dive and the shareholders line up Sapan, Dolan and Collier and shit in their open hands. Cunts.
Rather eerily like complaints against the political and upper classes, is it not? Granted, Sutter wasn’t drawing an analogy here—I am. But the critique is very much the same.
Let’s not completely fixate on the negatives. With last night’s episode “Clear”, “The Walking Dead” fans were treated to a vacation. Rick, Carl and Michonne ventured outside the prison and Woodbury. Back in Rick and Carl’s hometown, we saw the pervasive evidence of an unraveling mind—Morgan (returning at last) had descended into grief-induced psychosis. Again, we got to see the scope of this post-apocalyptic world, however modestly. We may have laughed at the hitchhiker screaming for Rick to stop the car and give him a lift; but if we were truly thinking, we’d know that the episode’s writer, Scott Gimple (the new showrunner), was showing something else. In the world of “The Walking Dead”, what is very often most interesting is that which is found outside Rick or the Governor’s closed circles.
I can’t be certain of it, but it would seem that AMC spent a little bit more money on this episode than the others. That or the filmmakers are incredibly resourceful. Either way, “Clear” showed us, albeit ever so slightly, the world exterior to Rick and the Governor and how interesting it can be.

The show could work with a much larger geographical and narrative canvas. We’re told that the show’s writing and directing staff are trying to craft the most compelling stories for us. To a degree, that it is true. But what Kirkman, Glen Mazzara and new showrunner Gimple don’t say in interviews is that they are working within the limitations of AMC’s budget. This is nothing new: Hollywood is always concerned with the bottom line, unless the industry is force-feeding us the shittiest big budget abortions imaginable (“Transformers,” “Clash of the Titans”).
But the positive response to “Clear,” with its greater radius of action, to say nothing of Morgan’s reintroduction, should teach AMC a lesson. “The Walking Dead” is only as good as the expanding envelope of its vision. And perhaps they’ll have to break the bank a little bit to keep the fans, such as myself, coming back. That, or risk losing the audience and then the show.
After Sunday, they’ve got our attention. Now, can they keep it or will they kill it?





March 05, 2013 at 5:35 pm, Rob Zander said:
a little correction is in order. "Sons of Anarchy" is not on AMC, it is an FX program.
March 05, 2013 at 8:33 pm, Penny Danielson said:
Season two, the focus was the search for Sophia. Penny is the daughter of the Governor, in season three,
March 05, 2013 at 8:43 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
Corrected, thanks. Lots of info whirling about in the head, Sir.
March 05, 2013 at 10:55 pm, APeter Petrelli said:
The Mist and The Shawshank Redemption were both written by Stephen King. Frank Darabont just adapted the material to the screen, so you should credit King with those Twilight Zone inspirations, although King himself admitted that he was inspired to write The Mist during a visit to a local supermarket.
March 05, 2013 at 11:18 pm, John O'Shaughnessy said:
Dude – I'm glad you used a calculator, and I don't mean to rag on you, but it was 3.4 million PER EPISODE, not for all six episodes. And it was 2.7 million PER EPISODE for season 2, not for 13 episodes. They don't make talk shows for $208,000 per episode. Check with someone who works on episodic television. Please.
March 05, 2013 at 11:37 pm, John O'Shaughnessy said:
http://www.dailyblam.com/news/2011/08/04/amc-comments-on-walking-dead-budget-cuts-possibly-losing-breaking-bad
The numbers aren't exact but this article estimates the reduction was approximatley $250,000 per episode. It also states that the budget for Breaking Bad is $3.2 mil per episode. They amortize sets and things over the course of a season but there are probably more than !00 to 150 people working on this show shooting 8 days per episode, not including prep and post. $208 wouldn't pay for the cast alone.
March 05, 2013 at 11:41 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
I know both Shawshank and The Mist were Stephen King stories. Darabont adapted them as screenplays. I didn't say either were original screenplays.
March 06, 2013 at 12:39 am, John O'Shaughnessy said:
Also the prison interiors are all sets built onto the sound stage facility and the Woodbury town set has to be built and struck every day. there is a website showing the location of all the sets and they are all over the Atlanta area.
Back to the crew – there are at least a 100 union workers (plus an army of production assistants), maybe twice that, I haven't seen their call sheet, from grips and electricians, art department personnel, an extensive special effects and makeup department, and a huge set dressing team, plus drivers. Then there are trucks, and picture cars and film equipment rentals. On a TV show there is gear that stays on the standing sets and the stuff that travels, but it all costs money. Every location they go to has to be dressed 10 times more than a typical show. Union crew make between $18 and $60 plus per hour for 8 hours, time an a half after 8 hours, double time after 12, and they probably are doing 14 to 16 hours per day. That alone adds up to $400,000 to $800,000 per episode. That doesn't include the above the line salaries including producers, writers, directors and cast. Then you have a post and editorial department and a a whole delivery team.
March 06, 2013 at 4:09 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
I get it, I get it, I get it… I used to work in television myself ("Eastbound & Down").
My entire point is that many fans are not interested in the limited scope of the budget-crunching "Walking Dead." I understand that streets have to be dressed and that it is expensive (amongst a myriad of other costs). But if you're dealing with a post-apocalyptic landscape, you should spend a little bit more money. At least as much as Darabont spent in Season 1. But, you know, I'm not an AMC executive and am ignorant of the state of their finances. So maybe this is the absolute best that they can do. If that is the case, then fine. But it's unfortunate and it will end up taking down the series purely from a narrative standpoint.
I don't know about the rest of TWD fans, but I want to see the world OUTSIDE of this little slice of geographical space. And that's why "Clear" was such a great episode, in my opinion. Yes, we were taken back to the beginning in a sense, but it had been transformed.
We saw the continued disintegration of a place and a mind. And it was great television.
March 06, 2013 at 7:11 pm, John O'Shaughnessy said:
Maybe you should check out the comic that this is based on. Tends to be pretty much the same in terms of scope. If anything the show opens it up a little more.
March 06, 2013 at 8:39 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
Yeah, I'd like to read the comic, but I'm so backed up on other reading I don't know when I'd be able to get to it! haha
But, I think we're mostly in agreement. Thanks for the perspective. You certainly added to our understanding.
For some people the scope is just fine. Heck, perhaps for most people. And maybe this says more about my expectations of and tastes in the post-apocalyptic genre. I want something expansive. Maybe a more limited vision is all that TWD creators (comics and TV adaptation) want. And that's fine.
This brings me to another point, though: when it comes to adaptations of written works (books, comics, etc.), the filmed version needs to be something else. With TWD I think that it could distinguish itself by being bigger than the comic.
What's happening along the former border between Mexico and the US? That's interesting to me. What about the streets of New Orleans? I'm not saying that the writers and directors need to take us there, but I do think they need to think beyond a narrow geographical space. What about islands off the coasts? Survivors living on boats? It could go so many places.
March 06, 2013 at 10:46 pm, Penny Danielson said:
Personally, as a huge fan of the show, I can say that I feel Kirkman should pack up his show, and go kver to HBO, where he would get the budget that the material deserves, get the time, without all of the commercials. AMC obviously doesn't appreciate what they have, and wants to run it into the ground. Kirkman should protect the integrity of his work. The fan base will follow….
March 07, 2013 at 1:18 am, John O'Shaughnessy said:
Unfortunately Kirkman and Darabont sold it outright to AMC and retained no ownership of the the TV show entity. That's why there are competing video games and board games and merchandising, based specifically on the television show or the comic. Kirkman has certain producer, writer, creator rights built into his agreement but AMC owns the show and can do what they want with it. Kirkman can't take it anywhere.
March 08, 2013 at 5:54 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
Probably a good idea at the time, but now….
April 24, 2013 at 11:47 pm, Laurie Pfisterer said:
John O'Shaughnessy that's exactly what he said.
March 05, 2013 at 6:45 pm, 'The Walking Dead' is suffering from AMC's fiscal austerity: How to kill a ... - Death and Taxes - Fun in Greece said:
[...] 'The Walking Dead' is suffering from AMC's fiscal austerity: How to kill a …Death and TaxesDirect your gaze to fiscal austerity-era Greece. Survey the near-apocalyptic landscape of riots, tear gas, heavy …. With last night's episode “Clear”, “The Walking Dead” fans were treated to a vacation. Rick, Carl and Michonne ventured outside the …and more » [...]
March 06, 2013 at 2:30 am, Michael Traill said:
Author, Mazerra did all of season three, dimple is beginning season 4.
March 06, 2013 at 4:02 pm, D. J. Pangburn said:
" the episode’s writer, Scott Gimple (the new showrunner), was showing something else."
Did I say he was showrunner for the rest of Season 3? No, I said he was the "Clear" episode's writer.
March 08, 2013 at 8:03 am, Grant Koivula said:
Very intelligent and well written article. I was kinda bored in Season 2 and couldn't figure out why. Then it was over and I never thought about it again. But you've described perfectly the reasons for my reaction.
I have just recently found this site(Duh! Welcome to 2013 Grant) and even though I may be behind the internet magazine ball I'm still excited for all the great articles I keep finding. Only God and AIDS will stop me from spending the next 2 hours burning my eyes out perusing what I've been missing since this sites inception. Kudos!
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